Personal Teaching And Learning Philosophy - 1312 Words

Personal Teaching and Learning Philosophy Pedagogy Constructivism. I believe that learning situated in physical and social contexts. Children learn by doing, by solving problems and by communicating with people around them. Constructivism maintains that children think differently and will interpret and construct the world in different ways (Maloy, 2015). Thereby, learning occurs when children are given chances to experience and interpret the world around them in their own ways. Providing children with opportunities to engage in authentic activities is essential in their cognitive development (McDevitt et al, 2013). Authentic activities include a wide range of hands-in practices such as building a bridge by blocks and experiences to build up concept learning such as visits to libraries, banks and museums. When children are playing around with concrete objects like rods, wood blocks and clay, they manipulate, act, touch, see and feel things. In this process, children learn about colors, shapes and textures as well as practicing their fine motor skills. Moreover, Gage and Berliner (1998, as cited in Marsh, Clarke Pittaway, 2015a) argued that children who have not been giving chances to manipulate concrete objects might find it challenging to understand addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Social, emotional and moral development. Learning involves more than cognitive development. Children gradually build a sense of self-identity and self-esteem. Drawing onShow MoreRelatedEssay about Personal Educational Philosophy1069 Words   |  5 Pagespaper is my personal educational philosophy statement. It represents my ideas and values about teaching and learning; it reveals my personal teaching beliefs and their relation to the five major established educational philosophies; it shows my role and responsibilities in educational process. 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This will ultimately help guide me and focus me to my view of this profession and myself as an adult educator. Before I go into how I see things, I first must define a few terms and decide where I stand. First, what is a philosophy of education? Lorraine M. Zinn (1998) Explains a Philosophy of Education represents a comprehensive and interrelated setRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy of Education958 Words   |  4 PagesMy Personal Philosophy of Education It is customary that on New Year’s Eve, we make New Year resolution. The fact is that we are making a set of guideline that we want to live by. These are motives that we seek to achieve. In a similar way, teachers live by philosophy. This essay focuses on my personal philosophy of education. 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Similarly, I had a certain philosophy which focuses on introducesRead MoreNursing : Health Cooperation, And Personal Philosophy Of Nursing Care1339 Words   |  6 PagesVincennes University, St. Mary’s Health Cooperation, and Personal: Philosophy of Nursing Care Introduction Nursing philosophies are used by many institutions and places of employment. It is important that student nurses and nurses read and gain knowledge from their facilities nursing philosophy. Philosophies give the nurse a guideline of how their facility defines the aspects of nursing and what is expected of them as nurses of that facility. It is essential for nurses to go back after they have

Terrorist Attacks On The World Trade Center - 1924 Words

September 11th, 2001. It is a date that will always be remembered as the date of random terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City. These cruel events took terrorist attacks within the United States, suppress the susceptibility of the United States to terrorism, and diminish damage and assist in recovery against any unwanted attacks. Congress s main focus for Homeland Security is â€Å"Intelligence and warning; Border and transportation security; domestic counterterrorism; protecting critical infrastructure; defending against catastrophic threats; and emergency preparedness and response (Whitehouse 1)†. The department of Homeland Security is extended throughout the United States with valuable information that is constantly being thrown back and forth across the United States. â€Å"In 2001, about 3 million people were employed in protective services, or about 2.3 percent of the 130 million U.S. workers. Four years later, nationwide employment was up to 132 million, and the number of protective services workers had grown to 3.1 million. Still 2.3 percent of the total (Cassel 1)†. Washington spent more in 2005 than in 2001 by 34 billion dollars on the Homeland Security Act. In logic makes sense in order to protect the citizens of the United States. There’s a famous quote â€Å"keep poking the bear you re bound to be mauled† so congress initiated the Patriot Act. Many great outcomes came with this law, but with all great outcomes comes some issues, that later turned intoShow MoreRelatedThe Terrorist Attack On The World Trade Center1559 Words   |  7 PagesThe two terrorist attacks that I will examine are the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center that took place on February 26, 1993 and The Boston Marathon Bombing took place on April 15. 2013. I will also be providing an overview of the terrorist attack at the World Trade Center and the Boston Marathon Bombing. 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Sociology Infliction or Imposition of a Penalty

Questions: 1. Should serious female offenders be allowed to maintain regular contact with their children, or should separation be considered part of their punishment? 2. Do mothers lose their parenting rights when they have committed a crime? Under what circumstances? Include a discussion according to Macionis and Gerber (2011) the attachment theory of sociologist Travis Hirschi. Do your support the penal system? 3. Co-correctional institutions have been widely proposed as a partial solution to the special problems which women face in the penal system. Do you support such institutions, or should prisoners continue to be generally segregated by gender? 4. In the past, biological and psychological explanations of criminality were more popular than sociological ones. Why do you think this is? Has it changed?5. Please look at the Programs available for Corrections Services Canada through the following link. https://www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/prgrms-eng.shtml . Specifically looking at Womens Offenders P rograms, what is available for incarcerated mothers to help foster relationships with their children? (Identify at least 3 programs and explained them. Answers: 1. The English dictionary defines punishment as infliction or imposition of a penalty as retribution for an offence (Lessing, 2013). Individuals who have committed certain crime are legally in custody as a punishment for their crime or while they are awaiting trial. This act can be called as rehabilitation or the action of reinstating an individual to regular life trough therapy and training after the imprisonment or addiction. However, in Canada the female offenders committing serious crimes are known to be sent to the punishment, but now the country has opted for the later rehabilitation part. Detention of convicts and specifically female offenders without the ability to have access to their loved ones, in this case children, presents two major challenges namely: one, it creates a void or a space that consciously reminds the convicts that they are no longer in their areas of comfort they are used to, hence reinforcing the punishment to a level where the convicts or the offenders makes a decision not to commit crime again (Warner, 2015). If the convicts are provided an environment where they are unable to meet their children, works as a motivation for them to behave in a proper way with the desire to reunite with the children and other family members as soon as possible. This specific scenario enhances the rehabilitation of the convicts immensely. On the flip side, if the children are allowed to interact with the incarcerated mothers, being primary caregivers to them, the mothers may confer their wrong behavior to the children or the children could acquire, inherit and/or enhance any acquired bad behavior from the mothers and/or the prison environment (Fuentes, 2014). However, the innocent children have been entirely deprived of their parental care, if they stay without interacting with their parents for extended period. Psychologists have noticed that these children tend to be traumatized in their later life as not interacting with their parents in the early life can be equal to a punishment for them as well. In addition to being deprived of their motherly love, the children are put into the custody of their relatives as their primary caregiver in place of their parents. Secondly, if children are allowed to interact with their mothers in the prison, it is possible for the mothers to migrate certain wrongly acquired behavior into them in the early age. As stated by the attachment theory of sociologist Travis Hirschi, it is correctly stated that strong social attachments encourage conformity while weak ones leave people freer to engage in deviance (Warner, 2015). Mothers play a very important and vital role in the character development of their children. They feel utterly responsible for the behavioral character of the child and therefore are less likely prone to reoffending if they are well socialized in their setting. Serious female offenders should thus be permitted or allowed to have regular contact with their children in order to enhance bonding among them. 2. When mothers commit a crime, they do not necessarily lose their rights to parent (Carlen, 2013). However, in circumstances where the behaviours of such mothers are bound to have a negative impact on the effective upbringing of their children, then ultimately, such parents lose their rights to parenting (Benning Lahm, 2016). Taking away parental rights from anyone is a serious step and this decision can only be taken by the judge if it is in the best interest of the children. In Canada, there are several grounds of involuntary termination of parental rights, such as, severe neglect or chronic abuse to the child, failure of maintaining contact with children for a long time or failing to support the child. However, a parent can lose his/her parental rights after being convicted of some crime. If the parent has committed a crime with violence against the child or any other family member, the court can opt to terminate his/her parental rights. Also if the parent needs to be imprisoned for a long length of time with will eventually take the child to the foster care for not having any other alternative options, the parent can lose his/her parental rights. In all such cases the interest of child is always put at the first. According to Evans Cubellis (2015), throughout the legal procedures, the legal system se eks to protect the children especially the young children who are unable to evaluate the circumstances therefore the decision is always taken to the best interest of the children. The social theory of Travis Hirschi comments on this situation where it sees the crime as the consequence of social institutions losing its control over the individuals (Pratt et al., 2014). It also states that breakdown of social institution such as weak families enhance the breakdown of trust in the police and government, thus enhance the chances of crime rates. It also states that the potential to the criminal activity rises if the individual attachment to the family is loosened. Thus this theory does not support the loosing of parental control. 3. The world is more inclined towards masculinity or the male gender than feminist or the female gender. This is attributed to the fact that the two genders needs or requirements are quite different from each other. This has an impact or effect on the type of crimes each of the two genders commit. Whereas male offenders are usually motivated with violent crimes that propel them to positions of power such as homicide, women offenders on their side are obsessed with less violent crimes such as assault and even fraud, etc. For this reason, it could be extremely difficult to classify crimes as equal among inmates (Brezina Agnew, 2015). Co-correlation facilities separate women and men inmates. Though some of them allow some significant interaction between the two genders, some have completely secluded incarceration facilities for the different gender. Earlier on in the US, there were coed institutions that were comprised of both inmate genders. These were however later separated in the 19th century. It only emerged several years later to serve as a method or mechanism to cost effectively serve prisoners (O'Brien, 2014). This mode of inmate coexistence is however not taken as an ideal or conducive environment for the inmates. Women are however the lesser number when it comes to the number or population in prison. With the special needs such women require, they have been accorded lesser access to prison resources and facilities as opposed to their male counterparts (Motz, 2016). There is need to identify and/or recognize the special and unique needs of women inmates in these incarcerations or prison facilities such as provision of homely environments for the women inmates to raise their children as practised in Australia or provide lodging facilities as suggested in Canada (Evans Cubellis, 2015). 4. There lacks a detailed research as criminality pertains to the two fields, biology and psychology. Whereas in psychology, criminality encompasses or includes more of the physical features, it is more associated with personality traits and inherited genes in biology (LeBel et al., 2016). There is much that needs to be done to properly link criminality to the three major fields of psychology, biology and sociology. The biological explanation to the criminality entirely focused on the genetic predisposition and the psychological explanation focused on the individual abnormality. These theories aimed to the physical or biological issues of the children, whereas the sociological explanation of deviance indicates that the deviance of the social norms is mostly influenced by the association of people in his or surroundings. The primary reason is that individuals receive a mixed message from different groups and ends up following the favorable one. This sociological explanation provides a clear account to the criminality which is not caused by any biological or psychological issue rather caused by the sociological deviance of the individual (Pratt et al., 2014). This norm has changed the previous explanation of criminality and provided a new theory to the criminality. 5. The Circles of Change Program This program was implemented in 2001-2008 in order to deal with the needs of the Aboriginal female offenders. This program promoted healing with the help of traditional medicine and teaching. It aimed to help the inmates have a clear understanding of the aboriginal history in Canada, social injustice and their impact on their personal lives, and the circumstances in the early life that can lead to criminal behaviour. Creating Choices This is a report published in 1990, which have defined the newly adopted correctional philosophy for the women inmates. This report included several principles on women empowerment, responsible choices and many more. The Parenting Skills Training Program The program has sixteen sessions, each of two hours and aimed mostly at the female inmates who want more effective involvement with their children. The program was designed to deal with several cognitive problems of the offenders and helped them to deal with understanding the job of a parent in the family and the responsibility comes with being a parent and the consequences. Reference List Benning, C. L., Lahm, K. F. (2016). Effects of ParentChild Relationships on Inmate Behavior: A Comparison of Male and Female Inmates.International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology,60(2), 189-207. Carlen, P. (Ed.). (2013).Women and punishment. Willan. Correctional Process. (2017). Csc-scc.gc.ca. Retrieved 11 February 2017, from https://www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/prgrms-eng.shtml Evans, D. N., Cubellis, M. A. (2015). Coping with stigma: How registered sex offenders manage their public identities. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 40(3), 593-619. Fuentes, C. M. (2014). Nobody's child: the role of trauma and interpersonal violence in women's pathways to incarceration and resultant service needs.Medical anthropology quarterly,28(1), 85-104. Heidemann, G., Cederbaum, J. A., Martinez, S., LeBel, T. P. (2016). Wounded healers: How formerly incarcerated women help themselves by helping others. Punishment Society, 18(1), 3-26. Lessing, F. D. (2013). Mongolian-English Dictionary. Routledge. Motz, A. (2016). The psychology of female violence: Crimes against the body. Routledge. O'Brien, P. (2014). The promise of punishment: Prisons in nineteenth-century France. Princeton University Press. Pratt, T. C., Turanovic, J. J., Fox, K. A., Wright, K. A. (2014). Self?control and victimization: A meta?analysis.Criminology,52(1), 87-116. Warner, J., 2015. Infants in Orange: An International Model-Based Approach to Prison Nurseries. Hastings Women's LJ, 26, p.65.

Planning for public administration

Planning refers to working out in an extensive outline, things that need to be done as well as the methods of doing them to achieve the determined organization’s goals. It can also be referred to as looking into the future and coming up with decisions on what should be done depending on the occurrence of events. Planning is one of the most significant roles in administration as it sets the prototype of other activities to be pursued.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Planning for public administration specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is accorded dominance with the reason that it is the first role that is performed and its outcomes are the plans that dole out as the direct for the actions of staff members. In an administration some plans are made to serve a given project while others are relatively permanent in nature hence referred to as standing plans which include procedures, policies as well as methods . In its simplest form planning is an activity that can be carried out by any associate of the administration as it encompasses setting missions, objectives as well as acts of achieving them. Planning in a broad spectrum engrosses making decisions as well as choosing future of actions from the set out substitutes. In public administration planning is crucial as it bridges the gap flanked by where an administration is and where it intends to be in future and therefore it calls for bringing in new things as well as workable implementation strategies. In a public administration without planning, actions are aimless. It plays a great role in ensuring that the members know their purposes, tasks, the guidelines to follow as well as their objectives in the administration for an efficient flow of the desired goals. Planning encompasses a range of constituents which include; Developing strategies and plans. Formulation of decision making processes. Establishing goals. Evaluation of environm ental resources. In public administration there are various merits that come hand in hand with planning. Some of them include supplying the organization with firm administration as well as with financial structure for a proficiently change from the developer control. This is specifically done via setting up goals that are effective as well as attainable. Such goals engross evading huge assessments and also staying away from special assessments. To come up with such firm management, the set out goals must contribute to continuation of satisfied plans as well as a tress-free organization. Another merit in a public administration is that the owners have a right to be heard in organization administration.Advertising Looking for essay on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It also serves as a prepared technique to collect owners’ contribution in addition to setting off fact- based techniques as well as ai ms by which the organization gathers this key in. Planning also has great merits to the administrator since it supplies the director with a calculated base for creation of human resource choice (Adams 1982). Planning also allows the manager to look forward to modify to a certain extent than being astonished by actions, as well as supplying tactical schemes for tackling at hand and also predictable personnel concern. It also helps in attaining measurable programs and results that is, by recognizing in quantifiable conditions what the government aims to achieve as well as basing prospect budgetary verdicts on realizing those objectives. To pull off this assessable line up, the management has to ensure that only the right employees are on board and the necessary apparatus, spur and structures are made obtainable. The responsibility to work efficiently in any enterprise is also brought by managerial success in planning. The administration is also in a position to deal with analytically concerns that drive workforce via planning. A major merit in planning in a public administration is that the managers as well as the programs are made more valuable. It is also through planning that the directors are endowed with deliberate basis for human resource administration managerial that is intended at attaining program objectives. Planning in a public administration also assists the manager with the required data when making premeditated choices. The associations are also in a position to venture statistically as well as make strategies for putting back vanished competencies. In public administration planning has merits in a way that it provides the management with a gear to take in hand the changes in line up way that impacts the kind of work being carried out as well as giving the manager an opportunity to make out ways in which skills can change proficiencies required in the administration. In a broad line of attack, planning has a great advantage in facilitating develop ing progression of the association’s objectives, evading the traps of linear philosophy, recognizing chances, generating alertness of hindrance to winning through over, facilitating control and also approximating association’s activities, directing and also uniting efforts and motivating thinking with the aim of improving the organization resources (Bathgate 1956).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Planning for public administration specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, there are several weaknesses that may arise from planning within the public administration. To begin with, is deprived scheduling. When planning is poorly done, the achievement of the set goals and objectives by an institution is not reached hence the chances of losing increase. Secondly, it is the lack of links between guiding principles assembly, setting up and accounting. Planning in any organization must review the r elationship flanked by the policies making, planning and budgeting. This is because the three conditions go hand in hand in any strategizing for the communal management of an association. Underprivileged spending run is another weakness of planning. An already made plan may fail due to poor expenditure control of the resources available. Managers should be very keen on spending to avoid these failures. In addition, insufficient financial support of continuation and functioning of an enterprise is another weakness that is found in planning of public organizing. Moreover, lack of proper accounting systems is a fault to any public administration set up. In conclusion, small relationships between budgets as formulated and the budget as executed, unreliability in the flow of budgeted funds to agencies and to lower levels of government, unfortunate management of outer aid, scarce coverage of financial recital, deprived cash management and defectively motivated staff are other types of wea knesses that may arise as a result of planning for public administration. In any planning, weaknesses should not exceed the merits (Bhasin 1976). This is because, when disadvantages are more than advantages the plan loses its purpose naturally. Managers of different organization are called upon to strictly follow the process of organizing wisely to avoid feebly implementation of a plan. In order to accomplish the set procedures in any public administration, proper planning of time allocation should be put into consideration bearing in mind that moment wasted is never recovered. References Adams, M. E. (1982). Agricultural extension in developing countries. Burnt Mill, Harlow, Essex: Longman.Advertising Looking for essay on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Bathgate, F. (Ed.). (1956). Experiment in extension-The Goon Sathi. London: Oxford. University Press. Bhasin, K. (1976). Participatory training for development. Bangkok: FAO. This essay on Planning for public administration was written and submitted by user MotherAskani to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.